云(yun)母(mu)是一種造(zao)巖礦(kuang)物,通常呈假六方或菱形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)板狀(zhuang)、片狀(zhuang)、柱狀(zhuang)晶形(xing)。顏色(se)隨化(hua)(hua)學(xue)成分的(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)而異,主要隨Fe含(han)量的(de)(de)(de)增多而變深 。云(yun)母(mu)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)性(xing)(xing)是絕緣、耐高(gao)溫(wen)、有光澤(ze)、物理化(hua)(hua)學(xue)性(xing)(xing)能穩定,具有良好的(de)(de)(de)隔熱性(xing)(xing)、彈性(xing)(xing)和韌性(xing)(xing)。在工(gong)業(ye)(ye)上用(yong)得多的(de)(de)(de)是白云(yun)母(mu),其(qi)次為金云(yun)母(mu)。其(qi)廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)于建材行業(ye)(ye)、消(xiao)防(fang)行業(ye)(ye)、滅(mie)火劑、電(dian)焊(han)條、塑(su)料(liao)、電(dian)絕緣、造(zao)紙(zhi)、瀝青紙(zhi)、橡膠、珠光顏料(liao)等化(hua)(hua)工(gong)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)。
在(zai)工業上用(yong)得多的(de)是白云(yun)母,其次為金云(yun)母。其廣泛的(de)應用(yong)于(yu)建材行業、消防行業、滅火(huo)劑、電(dian)焊(han)條、塑料(liao)、電(dian)絕(jue)緣、造(zao)紙、瀝青紙、橡膠(jiao)、珠光顏料(liao)等(deng)化工工業。超細(xi)云(yun)母粉作塑料(liao)、涂料(liao)、油(you)漆(qi)、橡膠(jiao)等(deng)功能性(xing)(xing)填料(liao),可提高其機(ji)械(xie)強(qiang)度,增(zeng)強(qiang)韌性(xing)(xing)、附著力抗(kang)老化及耐腐蝕型等(deng)。除具有(you)極高的(de)電(dian)絕(jue)緣性(xing)(xing)、抗(kang)酸堿腐蝕、彈性(xing)(xing)、韌性(xing)(xing)和滑(hua)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)、耐熱(re)隔音、熱(re)膨脹系數(shu)小等(deng)性(xing)(xing)能外,又率先推出片體二表面光滑(hua)、徑厚比大(da)、 形態(tai)規則、附著力強(qiang)等(deng)特點。
工業上(shang)主要利用(yong)它(ta)的絕緣(yuan)性(xing)和(he)耐熱性(xing),以(yi)及(ji)抗(kang)酸、抗(kang)堿性(xing)、抗(kang)壓和(he)剝(bo)分性(xing),用(yong)作電(dian)氣設備(bei)和(he)電(dian)工器(qi)材的絕緣(yuan)材料(liao);其次用(yong)于制造(zao)蒸汽鍋爐(lu)、冶煉爐(lu)的爐(lu)窗和(he)機械(xie)上(shang)的零件。 云(yun)(yun)母(mu)碎和(he)云(yun)(yun)母(mu)粉可以(yi)加工成云(yun)(yun)母(mu)紙(zhi),也(ye)可代(dai)替云(yun)(yun)母(mu)片制造(zao)各(ge)種成本低廉、厚度均(jun)勻的絕緣(yuan)材料(liao)。同(tong)時云(yun)(yun)母(mu)還具有藥用(yong)功能,傷于風邪而發冷發熱,如同(tong)身體(ti)坐在船上(shang),頭暈(yun)目眩(xuan),具有砌除風邪,充實五(wu)臟(zang),增加生(sheng)育(yu)能力(li),使眼睛明(ming)亮,久服身體(ti)輕便靈巧,延長壽命。
云母礦(kuang)石(shi)浮(fu)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)以回收偉(wei)晶巖(yan)和(he)云母片(pian)巖(yan)中14目以下的云母和(he)細粒(li)云母。在我國,云母礦(kuang)石(shi)浮(fu)選(xuan)(xuan)尚(shang)未(wei)得到生(sheng)產應用(yong)。風選(xuan)(xuan)法(fa)適用(yong)于水(shui)源缺(que)乏地區,已用(yong)于實(shi)際生(sheng)產。
階(jie)段
選礦,云母的浮選與風選。 |
階段
①云母與(yu)脈(mo)石的表面物理化學性(xing)質的不(bu)同進行(xing)分選(xuan)。②破(po)碎→篩分分級→風選(xuan)。 |
第三(san)階段
①礦石(shi)經(jing)破碎(sui)、磨礦使云(yun)母單體解離(li),在藥(yao)劑(ji)作用(yong)下,云(yun)母成為泡沫產品而(er)與脈石(shi)分(fen)離(li)。②礦石(shi)經(jing)過破碎(sui)之(zhi)后,云(yun)母基本上形成了薄片狀(zhuang),而(er)脈石(shi)礦物長石(shi)、石(shi)英等(deng)呈(cheng)塊狀(zhuang)顆粒。 |
第四(si)階段
打散包裝為成品 |
在工(gong)業(ye)上(shang)用(yong)得多的是白(bai)云母,其次(ci)為金云母。其廣泛的應用(yong)于建材行業(ye)、消(xiao)防行業(ye)、滅(mie)火劑(ji)、電焊條、塑料、電絕緣、造(zao)紙(zhi)、瀝青紙(zhi)、橡膠、珠光顏料等(deng)化(hua)工(gong)工(gong)業(ye)。工(gong)業(ye)上(shang)采用(yong)浮選與風選,使用(yong)到(dao)破(po)碎(sui)機與磨粉機進行破(po)碎(sui)研磨。
云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)市(shi)場 機(ji)械(xie)部門早確定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)用(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)絕緣材(cai)料主要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)代(dai)替云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)薄片(pian)。1987年我(wo)國(guo)新增(zeng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備能力920萬千(qian)(qian)瓦,通常(chang)按新增(zeng)10萬千(qian)(qian)瓦發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能力需(xu)耗(hao)用(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)5噸(dun)計(ji)算,約(yue)需(xu)460噸(dun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)。我(wo)國(guo)今后能源工業是發(fa)(fa)展,"七(qi)五"期(qi)間,計(ji)劃達(da)到年產1000萬千(qian)(qian)瓦的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)組能力,每年需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)不(bu)低于500噸(dun),共(gong)需(xu)2500噸(dun)以上(shang)。另外,1987年我(wo)國(guo)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量已達(da)1億千(qian)(qian)瓦,若按20—30%的(de)(de)更換(huan)維修(xiu)考(kao)慮,維修(xiu)需(xu)用(yong)的(de)(de)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)亦相當可(ke)觀(guan)。此外,還有(you)眾多(duo)的(de)(de)工業、家用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)也需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)大量的(de)(de)絕緣紙(zhi)板(ban)等產品。國(guo)內云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)市(shi)場大有(you)前(qian)途。云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉市(shi)場 全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)焊條生產每年需(xu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉約(yue)1.5萬噸(dun),油氈紙(zhi)用(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉14萬噸(dun)、消防器(qi)材(cai)用(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉2000噸(dun)左右,再加(jia)上(shang)新開拓(tuo)的(de)(de)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉應(ying)用(yong)領域(yu),從發(fa)(fa)展趨勢看,云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉的(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)量可(ke)能會(hui)進一(yi)步增(zeng)長。